======== Binutils ======== The GNU Binutils are a collection of binary tools. The main ones are: - ld: the GNU linker. - as: the GNU assembler. - gold: a new, faster, ELF only linker. But they also include: - addr2line: Converts addresses into filenames and line numbers. - ar: A utility for creating, modifying and extracting from archives. - c++filt: Filter to demangle encoded C++ symbols. - dlltool: Creates files for building and using DLLs. - elfedit: Allows alteration of ELF format files. - gprof: Displays profiling information. - gprofng: Collects and displays application performance data. - nlmconv: Converts object code into an NLM. - nm: Lists symbols from object files. - objcopy: Copies and translates object files. - objdump: Displays information from object files. - ranlib: Generates an index to the contents of an archive. - readelf: Displays information from any ELF format object file. - size: Lists the section sizes of an object or archive file. - strings: Lists printable strings from files. - strip: Discards symbols. - windmc: A Windows compatible message compiler. - windres: A compiler for Windows resource files. As well as some libraries: - libbfd: A library for manipulating binary files in a variety of different formats. - libctf: A library for manipulating the CTF debug format. - libopcodes: A library for assembling and disassembling a variety of different assembler languages. - libsframe: A library for manipulating the SFRAME debug format. BFD (Binary File Descriptor Library) ------------------------------------ The Binary File Descriptor library (BFD) is the GNU Project's main mechanism for the portable manipulation of object files in a variety of formats. As of 2003, it supports approximately 50 file formats for some 25 instruction set architectures. Opcode (Operation Code) ----------------------- - :ref:`opcode_table` .. _opcode_table: .. code-block:: text :caption: Opcode table | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F --+--------------------------------------------------------------- 0| 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 1| 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 5C 1D 1E 1F 2| 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 3| 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 4| 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 5| 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 6| 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 7| 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 8| 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 9| 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F A| A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA AB AC AD AE AF B| B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 BA BB BC BD BE BF C| C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 CA CB CC CD CE CF D| D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 DA DB DC DD DE DF E| E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 EA EB EC ED EE EF F| F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 FA FB FC FD FE FF Links ----- - https://sourceware.org/binutils - https://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git - `BFD `_ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opcode - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opcode_table